| | | | | 加强理论和奖励手段在课堂教学中的应用 | | | 刘佳 | | | 近20年来,青少年的学习动机在逐步下降,这已成为困扰整个教育界的问题。本着学习动机因素多元化的观点,结合近几年西方学界关于学习动机的最前沿的研究,对学习动机理论框架中的加强理论、社会认知理论和奖励手段对学习动机的影响做简要的回顾,并据此给教师提出了可运用于课堂实践的建议,探讨在课堂教学中怎样最大化利用外部因素来促进学生的学习动机。
【作者单位】：遵义医学院珠海校区 广东珠海519000
【关键词】：学习动机;加强理论;社会认知理论;内部动机;外部动机;奖励;表扬;惩罚
【分类号】：G424.21
【DOI】：CNKI:SUN:HUAI.0.2007-08-054
【正文快照】：
导言学习动机一直是教师和研究者最感兴趣的题目之一。近二十年的研究表明青少年的学习动机在不断下降中(Anderman&Maehr,1994;Harter,1981,citedin Hidi,2000),因此怎样运用各种策略来最大化地刺激学生的学习动机,从而促进学生,尤其是所谓的“缺乏动机”的学生的学习表现,成为教师的一大挑战。近年来关于学习动机的研究及理论不胜枚举,并且很多都互相矛盾。因此,对教师来说,怎样将各种关于学习动机的理论融会贯通,并正确运用于教学实践是极其重要的。近年来国内外对学习动机的研究普遍重视把内部和外部因素结合起来以最大化促进学习动机(… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | Application of Reinforcement Theory and Extrinsic Rewards in Classroom Context | | | LIU Jia(Zhuhai Campus;Zunyi Medical College;Zhuhai;Guangdong 519000) | | | The last decade saw the gradual declining of students' academic motivation which is one of the most disturbing problems we face within the whole education system.This essay,guided by a multidimensional perspective of motivation forces,mainly focuses on how to maximize the effect of external interventions in motivation and learning.the reinforcement theory,social cognitive theory and extrinsic rewards are critically reviewed in light of recent studies in motivation theory from a world-wide perspective and accordingly identify what clues for good practice already exist and to offer some tentative suggestions for teachers.
【Keyword】：academic motivation;reinforcement theory;social cognitive theory;rewards;praise;punishment;intrinsic motivation;extrinsic motivation |
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