| | | | | 论“中学为体西学为用”之实质及其影响 | | | 陈茂昌 | | | 张之洞之所谓中学者,于政治乃君主专制,于人伦乃三纲五常;其所谓西学者,唯西艺、西政(技法)而已。“先以中学固其根底,然后择西学可补吾缺者用之,西政之可启吾疾者取之。”盖张氏之“中体西用者”,于学术人心固“独尊儒术”之变种也。张氏喋喋焉倡“保国、保教、保种”之巧言,终本不外保清廷、保专制、保独裁,达忠君之志者。“中体西用”之说,蓄数代陋儒曲士之旨趣,钩沉两千余年之痼疾,故其流播悠远,渍染深邃,暗流潜溪,墨浸环宇,固民治不进之厉阶,必去之而后民权民主能自安者也。
【作者单位】：贵州警官学院 贵州贵阳550005
【关键词】：中体西用;君贵民践;根诛枝枯;民权自安
【分类号】：G125;
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:1671-9743.0.2005-04-022
【正文快照】：
张之洞,字孝达,又字香涛,直隶南皮(今河北省南皮县)人。生于1837年,卒于1909年,享年73岁。张氏“少有大略,务博览为词章,记诵绝人。年十六举乡试第一。同治成进士,因一甲三名授编修。”[1](P12377)屡任各省督学。典试所至,提倡经史实学。外任督抚垂三十年,在两湖最久。京汉铁路,萍乡煤矿,汉阳铁厂均其所兴办。光绪末年任军机大臣,体仁阁大学士,卒谥文襄。张氏之论议颇多,关涉政治、经济、军事、文化、教育诸端。然其思维方法与施政要略,则汇乎其《劝学篇》。倡“中学为体,西学为用”之主张,本其实殆诋新政卫旧道之所作也。1840年,英舰大炮… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | On the Substance of"Chinese Learning as the Fundamental Structure, Western Learning for Practical Use"and its Influences | | | CHEN Mao-chang(Guizhou Police Officer Vocational College;Guiyang;Guizhou 550005) | | | Zhang zhidong held that Chinese learning (a late Qing Dynasty term for Chinese traditional learning) meant carrying out autocratic monarchy in politics and the three cardinal guides in human relations, and Western learning was merely skills for practical use. He put forward the thought that Chinese learning should be the foundation, and the western learning could be replenishments for the insufficient parts of the Chinese learning. The substance of Zhang zhidong's thought of "Chinese learning as the fundamental structure, western learning for practical use"was to preserve the feudal dictatorship rule of the Qing government. His thought reflected the influences of the culture of Confucianism on many scholars for more than 2000 years. This spreading ideology blocked in the way of democratic politics building and must be deserted in order to realize civil rights and democracy.
【Keyword】：Chinese learning as the fundamental structure, western learning for practical use;emperor noble and the masses humble;branches die with rotted root;realization of civil rights |
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