| | | | | 关于正反问历史发展的几个问题 | | | 傅惠钧 | | | 本文讨论与正反问历史发展有关的三个问题:一、来源问题。汉语典型的正反问主要有省略和称代两个来源。二、省略问题。正反问有“右省“和“左省“两种省略形式。右省式始于先秦,左省式较晚出现, 优先发展的右省式客观上对于左省式具有抑制作用。三、消长问题。古汉语列项问使用频率较高,正反问使用频率较低,近现代汉语情况相反。
【作者单位】：浙江师范大学人文学院 浙江金华321004
【关键词】：正反问;来源;省略;消长
【分类号】：H141
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:1001-5442.0.2006-01-016
【正文快照】：
一、来源问题 关于正反问的来源学界有种种见解:最有影响的是省略说。即认为正反问由列项选择问 省略而来。这是梅祖麟(1978)首先提出来的。尽管由于材料的限制，他把起源的时间说迟了 —“睡虎地秦墓竹简”的发现，把正反问起源时间由唐代提到了秦代—但是他的省略说仍 能解释新发现的材料。我们只要列出数例便可见出“VP不VP”、“VP不”两种典型正反问的 生成轨迹: (1)人奴妾盗其主之父母，为盗主，且不为?(《睡虎地秦墓竹简·法律问答))) (2)甲贼伤人，吏论以为斗伤人，吏当论不当?当淬。(同上) (3)免老告人以为不孝，渴杀，当三环之… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | Some Problems on the Historical Development of Positive-and-Negative Questions | | | FU Hui-jun (College of Humanities;Zhejiang Normal University;Jinhua 321004;China) | | | This article discusses three problems on the historical development of positive-and- negative questions: (1) the origin problem. In Chinese, the typical positive-and-negative questions mainly have two origins, namely, omitting and cheng-dai (称代). (2)omitting problem. The positive-and-negative questions have two forms of right-omitting and left-omitting. The form of right-omitting appeared in the pre-Qin times whereas the left-omitting appeared much later. And objectively speaking, in some degree the former has restrained the development of the latter. (3)The problem of ebb and flow. In ancient Chinese the listing-item -questions were used more frequently than the positive-and-negative questions, but in Modern Chinese the situation is iust the opposite.
【Keyword】：positive-and-negative questions;origins;omitting;ebb and flow |
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