| | | | | 论出土文本字词关系的考证与表述 | | | 李运富 | | | 出土文本文字的考释有“完全考释”和“非完全考释”之别,完全考释应该对字的“形、音、义、用”都作出合理解释。考证时会涉及许多相关的字和词,对各种字词关系(含字际关系和词际关系)应该有科学的表述。在非完全考释中,有些字词关系不明确,表述时应注意实事求是。常有人仅仅根据异文就断言某字是某字的借字,仅仅根据形体相近就断言某字跟某字读音相同,甚至把出土文本中所有跟后代习用字不同而意义相当的字都看作通假字,这些判断或表述往往是不准确或靠不住的。
【作者单位】：北京师范大学文学院 北京100875
【关键词】：出土文本;完全考释;非完全考释;字词关系;科学表述
【分类号】：H121
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:1001-5442.0.2005-02-017
【正文快照】：
出土文本的文字考释除了要求有形音义方面的说明外,还需要确认文本中的字词(本文所 说的“词”又叫“语词”,包括相应的“词素”或“语素”)关系;也就是说,不但要知道这是个什么 字,还要揭示这个字在这个具体语境中的实际用法。因此文本文字的一项完整的考释工作,应 该在字的“形、音、义、用”四个方面都能作出合理的解释。“形音义”的考证是关于字符构形属 性的考证,它的目的是要弄清字符的结构理据及其所负载的本词本义;而“用”的考证是关于字 符职能属性的考证,它的目的是要弄清字符在文本特定语境中所实际记录的词语和义项。 在考证… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | On the Textual Research and Expression of the Relationship of Chinese Characters and Words in Unearthed Text | | | LI Yun-fu (Chinese Departement;Beijing Nomal University;Beijing 100875;China) | | | There are two kinds of explanations about the Chinese characters in unearthed text: "complete explanation" and "incomplete explanation". Complete explanation should explain the form, pronunciation, meaning and usage of the characters with reason. In textual research,we might meet many interrelated characters and words, so we should express all kinds of relationship of characters and words (including the relationship of characters and the the relationship of words) scientifically. There is some ambiguity in the relationship of characters and words in incomplete explanation, therefore we ought to be practical and realistic in expression. Many people affirm that one character is the borrowing of another character solely based on different texts, and affirm that two characters have the same pronunciation based on their similar forms only, even look on all the characters whose forms are different from the late characters but having equivalent meaning as borrowing. All of these judgements or expressions are incorrect and unauthentic.
【Keyword】：unearthed text;complete explanation;incomplete explanation;the relationship of Chinese characters and words;scientific expression |
| | | | | | 1 | 朱文旭,马娟; 彝文中的借汉字研究 [A];中国民族古文字研究会第七次学术研讨会论文集 [C]; 2004年 |
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