| | | | | 文化进化的meme理论及其难题 | | | 郭菁 | | | meme概念来自英国著名生物学家道金斯。道金斯把meme看做是文化进化的基本单元。meme概念提出后得到了学术界一些学者的赞同,在他们的努力下,20世纪末逐步形成了用meme解释文化进化的新领域。meme理论把文化进化看做是文化复制因子--meme遗传、变异和选择的结果。但是meme存在的合法性及其进化的机制受到了许多学者的质疑,meme理论还面临着许多尚未解决的难题,现有的科学证据并不能确定meme的存在,同样也不能确定meme储存和传递的机制。
【作者单位】：北京师范大学 哲学与社会学学院
【关键词】：meme;基因;文化进化;生物进化;进化的规则系统
【基金】：国家社会科学研究基金项目(理解生命:生物学哲学前沿问题研究)
【分类号】：G0
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:1008-018X.0.2004-05-002
【正文快照】：
一、meme范畴的内涵与文化进化理论 meme一词源自英国著名科学家理查德·道金斯(Riehard Dawkins)1976年出版的((自私的基因》(The Selfish Gene),其含义是指在诸如语言、观念、信仰、行为方式等的传递过程中与基因在生物进化过程中所起的作用相类似的那个东西。为了读上去与gene(基因)一词相似,道金斯去掉希腊字mim。m。(原意是模仿的意思)的词头mi,把它变为meme,这样的改变很容易使人“联想到跟英文的‘记忆’(memory)一词有关,或是联想到法文的‘同样’或‘自己’(meme)一词。”〔‘3(“meme”在国内有译为谜米、拟子、文化基因的,本文… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | Meme Views of Cultural Evolution and Problems | | | GUO Jing(College of Philosophy and Sociology;Beijing Normal University;Beijing 100875;China) | | | Since British biologist Richard Dawkins introduced the notion of meme, a replication element of cultural evolution, into the scholastic lexicon, many scholars have accepted it and heralded meme as the savior of social sciences. With their joint efforts, meme as a new discipline of cultural evolution has developed in the end of twentieth century. From the meme's point of view, the cultural evolution is a process of heredity, variation, and selection of memcs. However, there are others at the opposite side of the perspective who argue that meme is no more than a cumbersome terminology of little value. Meme still faces a lot of difficult problems that can't be solved at present. There is no scientific evidence that can prove the existence of meme and the mechanism of its storage and descent.
【Keyword】：meme;gene;cultural evolution;biological evolution;evolutionary algorithm |
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