| | | | | 论《孟子》的民本思想 | | | 张宇 | | | 《孟子》不仅是先秦诸子中,而且也是儒家经典中最具有民本思想的一部著作。孟子的民本思想继承了西周以来“敬天保民”的思想和儒家的“爱民保民”思想,并在此基础上将民本思想推向了一个新的发展高度,响亮地提出“民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻”的口号。本文分析了《孟子》一书的民本思想,并指出鲜明的民本思想是《孟子》迟迟没有被立为经学的主要原因。
【作者单位】：福建师范大学 福建福州350007
【关键词】：《孟子》;民本思想;立经
【分类号】：B222.5;
【DOI】：cnki:SCN:35-1240.0.2005-10-021
【正文快照】：
一民本思想即“以民为本”的思想。民本思想可以上溯到西周时期统治阶级的敬天保民思想,西周时期,随着分封制的确立,社会的经济结构发生了很大的变化。社会经济的变化必然会引起思想上的变化,且周初统治阶级在对商的斗争中,开始意识到“民”的重要作用,盛行于夏商时期的神圣不可侵犯的天命观、鬼神观开始动摇。孔子所说的“敬鬼神而远之”,是对周初统治阶级敬天保民思想的一个很好的概括。早在《尚书》中的一些西周初年的文诰中,已多次提到治民保民的问题。如《尚书》中《无逸篇》说治民要“先知稼穑之艰难”,“怀保小民,惠鲜鳏寡”;《立政… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | On Mencius′s Humanistic Thought | | | ZHANG Yu(Fujian Normal University;Fuzhou 350007;China) | | | Of classical works in the pre-Ch′in period or of the Confucian classics, Mencius is one that is most characteristic of humanistic thought. Mencius′ humanistic thought inherited the thought of "Respect the sky and protect the people" that had appeared since the Western Zhou Dynasty and the thought of the Confucian "Love the people and protect the people", on the basis of which he pushed the humanistic thought to a new stage and put forward the resounding slogan "The people are the most precious, the state are secondary, and the monarch comes last." This paper analyses Mencius′ humanistic thought and points out that the obvious humanistic thought is the main cause for Mencius not being able to be set up as a classic.
【Keyword】：Mencius;humanistic thought;Confucian classics |
| | | | | | 1 | 张永忠; 圣贤救世 [D];复旦大学; 2005年 |
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