| | | | | “的”用于已然动作的条件 | | | 祝东平 | | | 本文讨论"的"用于已然动作的条件,并试图分化"的"与"了"的用法。"的"用于已然动作时,有其必须遵循的语法规则,即这个已然动作是发话人与听话人共知的。疑问句中发话人向听话人询问已然动作的时间、地点、方式等信息;陈述句中发话人向听话人传递已然动作的时间、地点、方式等信息。 【作者单位】:吉林大学文学院 吉林长春130012 【关键词】:的;已然动作;已知信息;未知信息 【分类号】:H146.3 【DOI】:CNKI:SUN:HYXX.0.2007-04-008 【正文快照】: 零“的”是现代汉语中使用频率最高的词语之一,关于“的”的研究成果众多,一般认为“的”可以分为“的1”和“的2”,“的1”是助词,“的2”是语气词。“的1”主要用于名词性偏正结构之间或构成“的”字结构,“的2”用于陈述句,表示肯定或确认语气。本文分析“的”的另一种用法,即用于谓语动词后,强调该动作的施事者或时间、地点、方式等。需要注意的是,“这个用法限于过去的事情”(《现代汉语词典》262页)。“的”的这种用法语法学界基本没有异议,只是对其次类的归属看法不一。张谊生(2000)认为是“时制助词”,邢福义(2000)认为用在动词和宾… | | | 推荐 CAJ下载 PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式,AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | The Conditions in Which "De" Is Used to Show Actions Had Been Done | | | ZHU Donɡ-pinɡ(College of Arts;Jilin University;Changchun;Jilin 130012) | | | In order to distinguish the usage of "de" and "le",this paper discusses the conditions in which "de" is used to show action had been done.When "de" is used in this condition,there are grammatical rules to follow exactly,that is,this action is known both by the addresser and by the addressee.The addresser of the interrogative sentence asks the addressee about the information of when,where and how the action was done.And the addresser of the declarative sentence tells the addressee all of the information. 【Keyword】:"de(的)";action had been done;given information;new information |
| | | | | | 1 | 杉村博文; 汉语的被动概念 [A];汉语被动表述问题研究新拓展——汉语被动表述问题国际学术研讨会论文集 [C]; 2003年 |
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