| | | | | 曹操位列下品之原因解析 | | | 曲景毅 | | | 曹操作为建安文坛和建安风骨的典型代表,其文学成就被后世所认可。然钟嵘《诗品》却将其列为下品,引发后代诗评家的许多争论。本文认为钟嵘在"风力"与"丹采"二者之中更重视后者,曹操诗却不符合这一标准;钟嵘评诗"止乎五言",而曹操诗歌成就主要在四言诗;曹操五言诗均属乐府诗,尚属"汉音",不是钟嵘关注的文人五言徒诗;后代对曹操的接受是一种非纯文学的接受,曹操更多地是作为一个政治家、军事家从事文学创作,其文才在很大程度上为其政事所掩,这也是其文学家身份并不为钟嵘所充分重视的一个原因;后代对曹操诗的等级品评有非议的属于少数,从而也反证钟嵘的品评在当时及后世批评家眼里是受到认可的。
【作者单位】：北京大学中文系 北京100871
【关键词】：曹操;《诗品》;五言诗;文人诗;接受史
【分类号】：I207.413
【DOI】：CNKI:SUN:BDZK.0.2007-06-014
【正文快照】：
一关于钟嵘品第之不公,学术界多有争论,最激烈的是关于陶渊明位列中品的讨论。而对于曹操位列下品之原因,前人虽有所论述,似未有专门文章予以纵深解析。讨论曹操屈列下品的声音是从明代才开始的。王世贞首倡其端,其《艺苑卮言》卷三云:“曹公屈第乎下,尤为不公。”许学夷《诗源 | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | Why Cao Cao was in the Third Level in Zhong Rong's Shi Pin | | | Qu Jingyi(Department of Chinese Language and Literature;Peking University;BeiJing 100871;China) | | | As the chief leader and representative of the Jian'an(建安) literary,Cao Cao(曹操) has been highly estimated for his achievement in literature.However,his poems was ranked the third lever in Zhong Rong's Shi Pin and caused debates among critics.In this article,the author concluded it as below:Zhong emphasized on Dancai(丹采)more than Fengli(风力)while the poems of Cao are not up to the standard.Zhong discussed only the five-word poem(五言诗)while Cao's excellence poems were the four-word poem.Zhong talked over poems that were not aimed for singing and written by poets while Cao's poems were Hanyin(汉音).Zhong paid attention to the literature works while later generations mainly recognized Cao as a famous statesman and strategist who wrote at his spare time.The critics who object Zhong's evaluation on Cao are definitely in the minority.It provides the counterevidence that Zhong's comments are approbated by later critics.
【Keyword】：Cao Cao;Shi Pin;five-word poem;literary poem;literary reception history |
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