| | | | | “人而无仪,不死何为”——“而”为假设连词说 | | | 严慈 | | | 连词”而”,表示并列、递进、顺承、转折、目的、因果、让步和条件等多种连接关系,而表示条件,又分必有和或有两种:用法灵活,解说众多。然而”众”说虽多,但也大同小异,独独忽略了假设连词”而”,或混同为转折连词,或误解为人称代词,既不符合古代汉语史实,也不符合现代汉语现实。大有碍于我们对于古今假设连词”而”的认识和使用,须说个明白。
【作者单位】：安徽师范大学文学院 安徽芜湖
【关键词】：“而_3”;“而_2”;“而_1”;“必有”;“或有”
【分类号】：H14
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:1672-447X.0.2003-01-010
【正文快照】：
查 假设连词“而,’(简称“而3”),由来久远,例如: (1.1)相鼠有皮,人而无仪;人而无仪,不死何为?(《翩风·相鼠》)① (1.2)(夫子反其国,必得志于诸侯。得志于诸国而诛无礼,曹其首也。(《禧二》)② (1.3)匹夫而有天下者,德必若舜禹,而又有天子荐之者,故仲尼不有天下。(《万章上》) (1 .4)锲而舍之,朽木不折;锲而不舍,金石可镂。(《荀子·劝学》) (1.5)上笑曰:“君言太谦,君而不可,尚谁可者?”(《张汤传》) (1.6)诸君无意则已,诸君而有意,瞻予马首可也。(《冯婉贞》)“而”为假设连词,古人也早有认识。 刘淇说:愚案:《孟子》“而主痈疽与寺人环… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | "Ren Er Wu Yi, Bu Si He Wei.": On "Er" Being as a Suppositive | | | Yan Ci | | | "Er", a connector, has different usage as a conjunctive, or an incremental, or a successive, or a transitional, or a proposal, or a causal, or a concessive, or a conditional, etc., of which the conditional can fall into two categories as indispensable and alternative ones. Therefore, the usage of "Er" is diversified and flexible, which leads to different insights into the explanation or definition of this connector. Anyhow, they are quite similar to each other only to let alone categorizing it as a suppositive, or it is confused with transitional or personal pronouns. This is not in consistence with historical development of the ancient Chinese as well as with its literal sense of the contemporary Chinese. Thus, to clarify categorizing of the connector "Er" helps shift off the blocks in our insight into the usage of connectors both in the ancient Chinese and in the contemporary.
【Keyword】："Er_3", "Er_2", "Er_1" , indispensable, alternative |
|
|
