| | | | | 马丁·路德宗教改革的特点及其意义 | | | 雷雨田,刘兴仕 | | | 马丁·路德是基督新教的创始人，也是16世纪德国伟大的爱国者和改革家。在宗教改革过程中，他创立了“三唯”理论，把《圣经》的解释权交给了普通群众；他否认教士阶层在人与上帝间的“中介”地位及种种特权，其坚定的立场具有明显的反封建进步性。马丁·路德的改革思想是逐步形成的。经过终生不懈努力，他成了西方宗教界最为高产的作家，是至今被评论最多的历史人物。他的著述给了分裂的德意志以语言上的统一，他的理论具有一定的革命性，他的功绩具有世界性的广泛影响，对他的总体评价应予以肯定。
【作者单位】：广州大学人文学院;咸阳师范学院 广东 广州 510405;陕西 咸阳 712000
【关键词】：马丁·路德;宗教;改革
【分类号】：B928.7
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:1671-394X.0.2002-01-003
【正文快照】：
学术界对马丁·路德的评价分歧较大。主要说他后期“终于和诸侯、教皇同流合污”，①“完全站到与群众对立的立场……不仅背叛了下层群众，而且也出卖了本阶级的宗教改革运动”。②也有一些天主教徒称他为“沉沦之子，毁灭基督教王国的罪魁”。③然而他作为德国中世纪晚期最伟大的宗教改革家和社会改革家，促使基督新教的产生，对西方文化乃至世界文化作出了重大贡献，恩格斯将其誉为文艺复兴时期的“巨人”，这些事实，却是不容置疑的。鉴于路德是“近代被谈论最多、被了解最少的一位历史人物”，④本文主要论述如下问题：一是沃姆斯帝国议… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | Characteristics of Martin Luther's Reformation and Its Influence | | | LEI Yu-tian1，LIU Xing_shi2 (1.School of Humanities & Social Sciences;Guangzhou University;Guangzhou 510405;China; 2.History Dept.;Xianyang Teachers'College;Xianyang 712000;China) | | | Martin Luther was a great German reformer and patriot of 16th century.In the process of Reformation he advanced his Creed of Three Dimensions(sola Scriptura,sola gratia,sola fide) and made it possible for the ordinary people to interpret the Bible,in the language of their everyday speech. He offered a new notion of himself, preaching access to God without intercession of clergy.His progressive thought is against the feudal Roman papacy and took its shape gradually. Through diligent effort ,it made him the most prolific religious writer,as well as the most written about. His huge volumed works gave the separated Germany a unified language and his achievements have world_wide influence. A kind of revolutionary spirit is reflected in his thought and his defects cannot obscure the virtues. Therefore we should give positive assessment to this historical figure.
【Keyword】：Martin Luther;religion;reformation |
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