| | | | | 自然主义正名 | | | 沈梦瀛,张学松 | | | 自然主义作为一种创作方法与原初的现实主义并无本质的区别 ,不过是一种极致化的现实主义 ,其核心品质是真实客观 ;生理学、遗传学等科学眼光 ,正是在科学及人类自身认识新发展的条件下真实、客观地摹写自然的必然取向 ,是观念变化的结果 ,而非方法有别 ;根据左拉的《实验小说论》、《论小说》等原文研究可知 ,左拉不仅强调人的生物性把握 ,同样重视人的社会属性揭示 ,还强调作家创作的“个性表现” ,这与其创作实践基本一致 ,并非过去认为的理论与创作相背离。自然主义“三大罪状”客观看来正是它基本可取的特征。
【作者单位】：武汉交通科技大学人文学院!湖北武汉430063(沈梦瀛);驻马店师专中文系!河南驻马店463000(张学松)
【关键词】：自然主义;现实主义;极致化;倾向性
【分类号】：I109.9
【DOI】：cnki:ISSN:41-1028.0.2000-04-014
【正文快照】：
80年代中期以来 ,包括“新写实”小说在内 (但又不仅仅是“新写实”)的大批作品常常很自然地让人想到 19世纪生于法国的欧洲自然主义文学潮流。然而在我们试图以自然主义种种特征去考察这一影响了当代文坛的几乎所有作家的文学现象时 ,总也逃不脱长期以来加在自然主义头上的浓重阴影 ,此正所谓“名不正则言不顺”。因此为了客观公正地认识这一文学现象 ,对自然主义这一受到诸多误释的概念予以正名尤有必要。长期以来 ,自然主义在文学批评界并非一个描(陈 )述性术语 ,而是一个评价性术语 ,往往是繁琐、色情等的代名词。如今重新认识、重新评… | | |  推荐 CAJ下载  PDF下载 | | | CAJViewer7.0阅读器支持所有CNKI文件格式，AdobeReader仅支持PDF格式 | | | | Defining Naturalism | | | SHEN Meng_ying 1;ZHANG Xue_song 2 (1.Social Sciences Department;Wuhan Communication and Science and Technology University;Wuhan 430063;Hubei;China. 2.Chinese Department;Zhumadian Normal College;Zhumadian;463000 Henan;China) | | | Naturalism,which works as a kind of writing method,does not differ from original realism by nature,its character is reality and objectiveness.It can be regarded as a kind of extreme realism.Scientific standard such as physiological and genetic areas is a kind of inevitable choice that describes the world really and objectively under the condition that new improvements occur to science and human recognition itself.It results from the change of concept,not the difference of method.By studying the original of On Experimental Novel and On the Novel we can find that Zola not only emphasized on mastering biological nature of mankind but also paid much attention to the revealment of human's social nature.He also stressed the writer's “expressing of individual character” of writing,which is roughly identical with,not isolated from,his wirting practice.The three indictments of naturalism are exactly its basically desirable characteristics.
【Keyword】：realism,naturalism,extremilization,tendenciousness |
|
|
